Hi Bill, Thanks but what I want to know is something else. I know about room/cabin gain. You're absolute right about that. What I mean is this. Lets say you have a speaker with unmounted fr of 25hz. Put it in a box and fr goes up. For sake of example, lets say the woofer goes to 45hz in a 5cuft box. That's what it does if the front is open to free air though. Now what happens to fr if the front space is also 5cuft? The fr must go up more, but how much? I want to know because that will change the frequency response. There is room gain, but there is also the q and that is what I am loking for here. How do you calculate damping when the front volume is small? Thx, JackBlue