The standard is 8 ohms, but some applications work better with different values. 4 ohm is usually used for auto sound where the supply voltage is lower and 4 ohm drivers increase sensitivity. 4 or 6 ohms are sometimes used in home audio also to gain additional sensitivity (if the amp will handle the increased aperage draw). 16 ohms is often seen in pro-audio horn drivers, which allows easier level matching with lower sensitivity cone drivers. 4 ohm and 16 ohm drivers are often used with multiple driver speakers to make it easier to gain a total impedance of 8 ohms (or what ever is desired).
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